文字の読みにくさを訴えたパーキンソン病患者に対する作業療法介入

Occupational therapy for a patient with Parkinson's disease who complained of difficulty reading

要旨：書類の文字が読みにくいと訴えたパーキンソン病患者を担当した．読みにくさが起こる状況の聴取と検証により，コントラスト感度低下がその原因と考えられた．文字の色調や文字の幅・大きさを変えたことにより，読みにくさが改善した．コントラストを強調させる操作，すなわち背景地と視覚対象の境界検出を容易にしたことが，問題解決に有効であったと考えられた．一連の評価と介入により，読みにくさの原因と解決策が同時に明らかになったのみならず，患者自身の症状理解が深まり，対応策を身につけることができた．疾患に特徴的な病態を理解し，問題が起こる生活状況の把握と詳細な検証をすることが，原因究明や対応策を見出す介入となりうる．

　We experienced a case with Parkinson's disease who complained of difficulty reading letters. The cause of the reading difficulty was considered to be a reduction in contrast sensitivity. By changing the color tone, width, and size of the letters, the readability of the cases was improved. We considered that the contrast-enhancing operation, i.e., facilitating the detection of the boundary between the background and the visual object, was effective in solving the problem. The case was able to acquire a solution to the reading difficulty. It is important to understand the pathophysiology characteristic of the disease. In addition, understanding and verifying the life situation in which the problem occurs helps determine the cause and respond to it.