作業療法における在宅介護者の介護負担とその評価

Sense of caregiver burden and caregiver burden scale of occupational therapy

要旨：在宅での作業療法を成功させるには，介護者の介護負担軽減への支援は欠かせない．そのためにも，介護負担を正しく認識し評価する必要性は高いが，これまでに開発された介護負担尺度は幾多の問題を抱えている．作業療法士が介護者の介護負担に関する研究を行いその結果を共有するには，信頼性・妥当性・実用性を有する尺度を用いて，研究を進める必要がある．また，在宅生活に関わる多くの作業療法士にとって，簡便で的確に介護者の介護負担感を評価できる尺度は，在宅介護を支援し適切な作業療法サービスを提供する上で有用と考えられる．その意味で，近年開発されたJ-ZBI-8やFCSは，これらの問題に対応した簡便な尺度と考えられた．

　In order to make occupational therapy successful in the home, it is important to mitigate a caregiver burden. For that purpose, the concept about a caregiver burden is recognized correctly, and there is the necessity of performing evaluation based on the right concept. However, with regard to the concept of a caregiver burden, or the definition, the recognition changes depending on the researchers. The caregiver burden scale developed until now has many problems. It is important for an occupational therapist to do research on a caregiver burden, and to share their research results. For that purpose, it is necessary to inquire using the scale of a caregiver burden that reliability, validity, and practicality were examined. Moreover, it is thought that the scale of a caregiver burden, which can be carried out easily, is useful for an occupational therapist with little clinical experience or the occupational therapist in the home. Developed J-ZBI-8 and FCS in recent years were considered to be the useful scales which have solved the problem of the existing scale of a caregiver burden.