高齢者の作業に対する主観的評価の分析─フローモデルを基にした検討

Analysis of subjective evaluation in occupations of the elderly: A study based on the flow model

要旨：本研究の目的は，作業療法で支援する作業に対する高齢者の主観的評価について，フローモデルを基に「挑戦水準」と「能力水準」のバランスを用いて分析することである．対象は通所リハビリテーションを利用する高齢者27名とし，高齢者に適した作業課題を設定後，課題に対する「挑戦水準」と「能力水準」を聴取した．結果，高齢者が知覚する「挑戦水準」と「能力水準」は様々であり，バランスが保たれていない場合が多かった．以上より，作業に対する「挑戦水準」と「能力水準」のバランスを評価することは，高齢者に適した作業課題を提供する上で考慮すべき主観的評価の一側面を捉え，作業療法実践における協働の促進につながると考える．

　The purpose of this study was to analyze the subjective evaluation of the elderly regarding their occupation in occupational therapy using the flow model. The subjects were twenty-seven elderly who regularly used day care with Rehabilitation Service. After assigning appropriate activities to the elderly, “challenge level” and “skill level” were confirmed upon implementation of the activities. As a result, there were various perceptions by the elderly on “challenge level” and “skill level”, and “challenge level” and “skill level” were unbalanced in many cases. Therefore, evaluating the balance between “challenge level” and “skill level” for the activity captures one aspect of subjective evaluation that should be considered in order to provide a suitable activity for the elderly. Additionally, we considered that this method leads to the promotion of cooperation among the elderly in occupational therapy practice.