地域在住高齢者におけるうつの程度別による趣味活動の特徴—うつ予防・支援の手がかりとして

Characteristics of hobbies of community-dwelling elderly by degree of depression: Clues for depression prevention and support

要旨：本研究の目的は，地域在住高齢者におけるうつの程度別による趣味の種類を明らかにし，趣味によるうつ予防・支援の手がかりを得ることである．対象は地域在住高齢者71,097人で，趣味ありが42,129人，趣味なしが28,968人，趣味ありのうちGDS-15では，うつ症状なしが33,659人，うつ傾向とうつ状態は8,470人であった．全対象の趣味の種類では，散歩／ジョギングや園芸が多く，趣味によるうつ予防・支援ではこれらを用いることが受け入れられやすいと考えられた．うつの程度別では男性女性ともに，うつ症状なしはスポーツ的，観光的，文化的な趣味が多い一方，うつ傾向とうつ状態ではパチンコや将棋／囲碁／麻雀が多いという特徴が示された．

　The purpose of this study was to clarify the types of hobbies participated in by community-dwelling elderly by degree of depression, and to obtain clues for preventing depression or supporting those with depression by focusing on hobbies. Subjects were 71,097 community-dwelling elderly, of whom 42,129 had a hobby and 28,968 did not. Among the subjects with a hobby, 33,659 subjects did not have depression and 8,470 had a tendency towards depression or were depressed according to the GDS-15 scale. Among all subjects, the most common hobbies were walking/jogging and gardening. Methods to prevent depression and support those with depression that incorporate hobbies may be easier to implement if they utilize the above hobbies. When stratified by depression levels, both men and women without depression were more likely to participate in sports, sightseeing or cultural activities as their hobbies, while those with a depressive tendency or depression were more likely to have pachinko or igo/shogi/majan as their hobbies.