柔軟な判断に必要な情報収集の変容の神経メカニズム

Neural Mechanisms of Evidence Accumulation Selection for Flexible Decision Making

柔軟な判断には，環境に応じた再学習や瞬時の判断切替えなど，複数のしくみが関与する。これらのしくみについて，心理物理・神経生理・計算論的手法を統合することで理解が深まる。瞬時の判断切替えに必要な情報収集の柔軟性は，不必要な情報を収集，蓄積した後に破棄するしくみによって支えられ，外側頭頂間野（LIP野）などで観測される判断関連活動の変容から垣間見ることができる。柔軟な判断の障害の分子メカニズムについても解説する。

Abstract

Multiple mechanisms are involved in flexible decision making, including relearning and the instantaneous switching of decisions depending on the environment. These mechanisms can be elucidated by integrating psychophysical, neurophysiological, and computational approaches. The flexibility of evidence accumulation necessary for instantaneous decision switching is supported by the mechanism of accumulating and discarding unnecessary information, which can be observed in the changes in decision-related activities in the LIP cortex as well as in other areas. The molecular mechanisms underlying the impairment of flexible decision-making are also discussed.