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I.緒言
比較的急激に発来する原因不明の感音系難聴について古くはBing(1880),Magnus(1884),Lannois(1890),Cheatle(1904),Schmiegelow(1913),Retjö(1922),Citelli(1926),Karlander(1923)などの記載があるが,近年オージオロジーの発達とともにsudden deafnessとして種々再検討が加えられている。元来suddendeafnessは単一の疾患名でなく一症候群につけた名称であるが,比較的少い疾患で,そのうえ剖検例が非常に少く,僅にSvane-Knudsen(1957),手術所見では梶川他(1958)などの報告をみるのみでまだ詳細な病態像が確定していない。
吾々は東京大学耳鼻咽喉科難聴外来にて最近2ヵ年間に19症例を経験し,その臨床的観察を行つたので,ここに報告するとともに,従来不明である迷路内病変の種類や部位について特に興味をもつて,内耳循環障害という立場にたって検討推定を試みたので御批判を得たい。
A series of 19 cases of sudden deafness was reported. In 9 of these cases a normal range of hearing was recovered within 40 days after the onset of the affection. In latter cases no vestibular symptoms were noted and the caloric reaction of the labyrinthappeared to be normal.
The forms with which recovery occurred in the impairment of hearing were divided into several types according to the speed of that recovery with responses to different frequencies.
Prognosis of hearing recovery in patients showing vestibular symptoms or an abrupt forms of hearing loss in the audiogram was found to be bad, even if the treatments among them were instituted early in the stage of the disease.
Pathogenesis of sudden deafness is discussed from the viewpoint of vascular involvement of the inner ear.
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