特発性正常圧水頭症（iNPH）と鑑別すべき神経疾患

Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus and Neurodegenerative Diseases: a Short Review of Differential Diagnosis

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・アルツハイマー病と特発性正常圧水頭症（iNPH）の鑑別には，脳脊髄液リン酸化タウ濃度が有用である．

・パーキンソン病・レヴィ小体型認知症とiNPHの鑑別には，MIBG心筋シンチグラフィーが有用である．

・iNPHの鑑別疾患となり得る神経変性疾患は，iNPHと臨床診断できる症例に併存している場合もある．

　There are a variety of neurodegenerative diseases that require differentiation from idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus（iNPH）, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration. As the clinical features and structural imaging findings of these diseases may overlap with iNPH, biomarkers reflecting disease-specific pathology are necessary for differential diagnosis. In addition, these diseases often coexist with iNPH in elderly patients, and it is important to confirm the coexistence of their pathology even in cases clinically diagnosed as iNPH. This review provides an overview of established and emerging biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases.