大脳皮質

Studies on the Cerebral Cortex

I．はじめに

　大脳皮質の解剖学的研究を始めてから僅か数年しかならず，また，その研究対象もNiss1染色によるものだけであり，従つて表題のような大脳皮質についてはほんの一部についてのみしか研究していないので，私ならびに協同研究者が現在までおこなつた研究方法とその成果についての解説だけをさせていただきたい。

As a quantitative analysis of the cells in the cerebral cortex, a new method which consisted of plotting a curve by denoting an abscissa in the depth of the cerebral cortex and an ordinate in the quantity of the cell contents (in the sense of transmission percen-tage and not the number of cells') was introduced into the field of quantitative re-search of the cerebral cortex.

Using the method the following observat-ions were made :

1) correlation between the lamination and the curve, 2) comparison of the curves intro-duced from the summit, corner, and wall of a gyrus, 3) comparison of the curves introduced from the gyri of the symmetrical points of the hemispheres, 4) correlation between the curves and cell number, 5) myelin curves, 6) phylogenetical comparison between the curves introduced from the cor-tices in the dog, rabbit and man, 7) the general comparison of the curves introduced from all over the hemisphere, 8) the cell types classified by the similarity of the gene-ral trends of the curves and a new map drawn by types and 9) a clinical application of the method in which a brain of the amyotro-phical lateral sclerosis was used.

Though by these observations new analy-sis of the structures of the cerebral cortex were introduced, there are many problems which remain to be proved.