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多発性硬化症(MS)における症状としては身体障害が注目されがちであるが,認知機能障害を呈することは稀ではない。ただ,MSにおいて障害されやすい認知機能が,主に注意・集中・情報処理などのため,一般的な認知症スクリーニング検査では評価しにくい。本論では,MSにおける認知機能障害の特徴,それを評価するためのバッテリー,治療の現状などを概説する。
Abstract
While cognitive impairment is a major symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS), it is commonly overlooked. This may be explained by the fact that it is difficult to evaluate cognitive function in patients with MS using screening batteries for the detection of dementia such as the mini-mental state examination. Further more, cognitive impairment in MS typically involves domain-specific deficits such as imparement of sustained attention and information processing speed rather than global cognitive decline. Cognitive impairment may influence the daily living and social lines of affected patients. This review discusses the characteristics of cognitive impairment, appropreate tests to evaluate its symptoms, and the current status of clinical trials for the treatment of MS.
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