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Conditional Cell Targeting and Reversible Synapse Silencing to Study Neural Circuits Dai Watanabe 1 1Department of Biological Sciences,Faculty of Medicine,and Department of Molecular and Systems Biology,Graduate School of Biostudies,Kyoto University Keyword: immunotoxin , tetanustoxin , cell targeting , synapse silencing , transgenic mouse pp.255-262
Published Date 2010/3/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416100647
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Abstract

 Brain function and plasticity are governed by interactions among neurons that are organized into highly diverse and complex networks. For understanding the mechanisms of information processing and plastic modification in the neural networks,experimental approaches to examine the effect of removing or silencing a restricted population of neuronal cells are useful. Since the mammalian brain is composed of numerous types of neurons,it is essential to establish techniques for precisely ablating or silencing specific neuronal cell types. Immunotoxins,which were originally designed as anticancer agents,are monoclonal-antibody conjugates containing toxins that kill cells bearing the target antigens. Conditional cell-ablation approaches based on the specificity of immunotoxins have been applied to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the operations and regulations of neural circuits. Tetanus neurotoxin inhibits synaptic transmission by cleaving VAMP2,which is essential for activity-dependent neurotransmitter release from presynaptic terminals. Transgenic animals that express tetanus neurotoxin under the control of a tetracycline-dependent inducible promoter system have been developed to reversibly control synaptic transmission in specific neuronal pathways. This review article describes the progress in the development of technologies that allow precise dissection of neural circuits,focusing on immunotoxin-mediated conditional cell targeting and tetanus neurotoxin mediated reversible synapse silencing.


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電子版ISSN 1344-8129 印刷版ISSN 1881-6096 医学書院

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