本邦における脳損傷者に対する作業療法士の就労支援実践—スコーピングレビュー

Employment support practices of occupational therapists for individuals with brain injuries in Japan: A scoping review

要旨：【目的】本邦における脳損傷者に対する作業療法士（OT）の就労支援実践をマッピングし，就労支援実践や研究の示唆を得ることを目的とした．【方法】包含及び除外基準に基づき，医学中央雑誌などを用いてスコーピングレビューを実施した．【結果】30編を対象文献とした．支援分野は医療機関をはじめ，介護保険分野など多岐にわたり，他職種・他機関との連携や就労定着支援は十分ではない実態が明らかとなった．OT評価やプログラムは，認知機能や身体機能面だけではなく，職場の環境調整，代償手段活用などが実践されていた．【結論】OTは就労先の意向や環境を踏まえながら就労に向けた評価やプログラムを実践し，その効果検証が重要である．

　[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to map the employment support practices of occupational therapists (OTs) for individuals with brain injuries in Japan and to gain insights into employment support practices and research. [Methods] A scoping review was conducted using inclusion and exclusion criteria, utilizing sources such as Igaku Chuo Zasshi. [Results] A total of 30 articles were included as target literature. The scope of support extended across diverse fields, including medical institutions and long-term care insurance services. However, insufficient collaboration with other professions and organizations, as well as inadequate support for job retention, was identified. OT assessments and programs were not only focused on cognitive and physical functions but also included workplace environment adjustments and compensatory strategies. [Conclusion] OTs should implement assessments and programs for employment considering the intentions and environment of the workplace, and it is important to verify their effectiveness.