要支援高齢者に関連する要因の検討—フレイルと日常生活活動の満足感に着目して

Factors related to elderly individuals in need of assistance: Focusing on frailty and satisfaction with Activities of Daily Living

要旨：本研究の目的は，要支援高齢者発生の予測因子を探索的に示すこと，ADL満足感を調査することである．要支援高齢者，健康高齢者に対し，身体的フレイル（改訂J-CHS基準），精神・心理的フレイル（GDS15），社会的フレイル（NCGG-SGS），ADL自立度と満足度（BI, SSADL）を調査した．要支援高齢者発生の予測因子は，年齢，改訂J-CHS基準，NCGG-SGSが抽出され，要支援の有無を判定するカットオフ値は年齢が83.5歳，改訂J-CHS基準とNCGG-SGSが1.5項目であった．健康高齢者に比べ要支援高齢者はADL満足度が低かった．本研究の結果は要支援高齢者発生予防の一助になると考える．

　The purpose of this study was to identify the exploratory predictors of the occurrence of elderly persons in need of assistance and to investigate activities of daily living (ADL) satisfaction. We compared physical frailty (assessed using revised J-CHS criteria), mental and psychological frailty (GDS15), social frailty (NCGG-SGS), and independence and ADL satisfaction (BI, SSADL) among elderly individuals in need of support with healthy elderly individuals. Predictors of the occurrence of elderly persons in need of support were age, the revised J-CHS criteria, and the NCGG-SGS. Cutoff values indicating the need for support were determined to be 83.5 years of age, 1.5 items for the revised J-CHS criteria, and 1.5 items for the NCGG-SGS. Compared with healthy elderly individuals, those requiring support had lower ADL satisfaction. We believe the results of this study will help prevent the occurrence of elderly persons requiring support.