精神科看護実践における看護師の研究成果活用に関する全国調査

A Nationwide Survey on Research Utilization in Psychiatric Nursing Practice

要旨

　目的：精神科看護実践に研究成果を活用する上で、看護師がどのような認識を持っているのかを明らかにし、学術的経験の差異に基づく比較を行うことで、臨床での研究成果活用を活性化させるための示唆を得る。

　方法：82施設4774名の看護師を対象に自記式質問紙調査を実施した。質問紙にて基本属性と「臨床看護に研究成果を活用するためにはどうすればよいか」という問いに自由記載方式で回答を求め、得られた質的データをテキストマイニングで定量的に分析した。

　結果：有効回答者数829名であった。研究成果活用の認識として、≪根拠に基づく説明を行い成果活用の協力体制を構築する≫、≪組織的に取り組む≫、≪職場環境を整備する≫など11テーマが生成された。学術的経験の差異に基づく分析では、対象者の大半を占める群で共通して「職場」への共起があった。

　結論：精神科看護師は、研究成果活用の必要性を認識していたが、活用に困難を抱えていた。研究成果活用の促進の第一歩として、組織的なサポート体制の構築が必要である。

　Objective: To clarify the recognition of nurses of utilizing research results in psychiatric nursing practice, and to compare recognition based on academic experience as a basis for promoting research utilization in clinical nursing.

　Methods: A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted, involving 4,774 nurses of 82 facilities. The questionnaire examined basic attributes, and it presented the question “What approaches are needed for research utilization in clinical nursing?”, which was answered in a free-description style. The obtained qualitative data were quantitatively analyzed by text mining.

　Results: Valid responses were obtained from 829 nurses. Their recognition of research utilization was represented by 11 themes, including: <provide evidence-based explanations and build collaborative systems for research utilization>, <approach organizationally>, and <improve the workplace environment>. Analysis based on academic experience revealed word co-occurrences related to “workplace” as a common tendency among respondents of the majority group.

　Conclusion: The psychiatric nurses recognized the necessity of utilizing research outcomes ; however, they had difficulty in doing so. As a first step to promoting research utilization, it may be necessary to develop organizational support systems.