回復期リハビリテーション病棟の看護師による退院支援状況と影響要因

Current Status of Discharge Support Provided by Nurses in Rehabilitation Wards and Factors Influencing It

要旨

　目的：回復期病棟の看護師による退院支援実施状況およびその影響要因を検討した．

　方法：看護師1,937名を対象に質問紙にて退院支援実施状況（8要素36項目）を把握し，経験，研修参加や他部門連携状況，退院支援の重要性の認識の項目をマルチレベル分析により検討した．

　結果：回収数は920部，有効回答903であった．対象者の看護師経験平均年数は15.7年，実施状況は「院内多職種での共通認識の形成」で最も得点が高かった．実施状況の影響要因は，回復期病棟経験年数（非標準化偏回帰係数：B＝.693，p＜.001），重要性の認識得点（B＝.397，p＜.001），他部門との連携合計数（B＝1.186，p＝.000），脳血管疾患病棟経験年数（B＝.244，p＝.022）であった．

　結論：退院支援では院内多職種連携活動の実施頻度が高かった．実施状況には重要性の認識，回復期や脳血管疾患病棟経験および多職種連携との影響が推察された．

　Objectives: In this study, we investigated the current state of discharge support provided by nurses in a rehabilitation wards and the factors affecting it.

　Methods: A questionnaire survey was administered to 1,937 nurses working at rehabilitation wards. The participants were questioned about their prior nursing experience, participation in training, and cooperation with other departments. Additionally, nurses were questioned on the current state of discharge support (8 elements, 36 items). Data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression.

　Results: In total, 920 nurses were responded, of which 903 were analyzed. The mean length of nursing experience of the participants was 15.7 years. The best current state of discharge support was "cooperating with in-hospital staff (such as social workers or physical therapists)." Factors that significantly influenced discharge support included years of experience in rehabilitation wards (B＝.693, p＜.001), perceived importance (B＝.397, p＜.001), cooperation with other departments (B＝1.186, p＝.000), and years of experience in cerebrovascular disease wards (B＝.244, p＝.022).

　Conclusion: In conclusion, nurses cooperate with various professional staff to provide discharge assistance. It was hypothesized that the provision of discharge support by nurses was affected by their awareness of its importance, experience in convalescent and cerebrovascular disease wards, and cooperation with various staff.