看護師における構造的エンパワメントと情動的コミットメント，ワーク・エンゲイジメントの関係—東北地方のA県ならびに政令指定都市B市内の病院に勤務する看護師を対象として

Relationship between Structural Empowerment, Affective Commitment, and Work Engagement among Japanese Nurses Working in Hospital

要旨

　目的：看護師を対象に，構造的エンパワメントと情動的コミットメント，ワーク・エンゲイジメントの関係を明らかにする．

　方法：東北地方のA県ならびに政令指定都市B市内の病院に勤務する看護師を対象に，質問紙調査を行った．

　結果：構造的エンパワメントから情動的コミットメントならびにワーク・エンゲイジメントには，それぞれ有意な正のパスがあった．また，構造的エンパワメントからワーク・エンゲイジメントを介した情動的コミットメントには有意な正のパスがあったが，構造的エンパワメントから情動的コミットメントを介したワーク・エンゲイジメントへのパスは有意な関係になかった．

　結論：構造的エンパワメントは，看護師の情動的コミットメントならびにワーク・エンゲイジメントを高めることが示唆された．また，看護師における構造的エンパワメントと情動的コミットメント，ワーク・エンゲイジメントの関係には，方向性があることが示唆された．

　Purpose: The aim of this study was to verify the relationship between structural empowerment, affective commitment, and work engagement among Japanese nurses, and to assess the mutual influence of Japanese nurses' affective commitment and work engagement.

　Method: Stratified random sampling was used. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on nurses employed at hospitals in Prefecture A and ordinance-designated city B in the Tohoku region of Japan who agreed to take part in the study. Completed questionnaires were returned by postal mail.

　Results: The questionnaire was distributed to 1,053 nurses at 12 hospitals; 594 questionnaires were returned (collection rate, 56.4%) and 508 contained valid responses (valid response rate, 48.2%). Structural equation modeling showed structural empowerment had a significant positive effect on affective commitment and work engagement, and structural empowerment had a significant positive effect on affective commitment via work engagement. However, structural empowerment had no significant effect on work engagement via affective commitment.

　Discussion: Structural empowerment is suggested to increase the affective commitment and work engagement of nurses. Although high work engagement increases the affective commitment of nurses, high affective commitment does not necessarily increase the work engagement of nurses. The results of this study are expected to not only improve nurses' affection for their organization, but also their work engagement.