機能強化型訪問看護事業所における利用者特性別での訪問看護ケアの実施実態

The Actual Condition of Visiting Nursing Care for Various User Needs in Function-enhanced Home Nursing Agencies

要旨

　目的：本研究は，機能強化型訪問看護事業所での利用者特性に応じた訪問看護ケアの実施実態を明らかにした．

　方法：全国の機能強化型訪問看護事業所と利用者515名を対象に開発したデータ入力システムを用いた調査を行った．

　結果：利用者特性に関連する実施回数の多い訪問看護ケア項目は，がん末期では「疾病・治療の説明・指導（オッズ比（OR）= 4.535）」，神経難病利用者への「衣生活のケア・指導（OR = 2.276）」，小児への「精神的援助（OR = 3.062）」「意思決定支援（OR = 3.701）」が特徴的であった．

　結論：利用者特性別での実施回数の多い特徴的な訪問看護ケアが明らかになった．訪問看護のケア実施には，利用者特性を考慮する必要がある．

　Aim: This study aimed to study the services offered by function-enhanced home nursing agencies for different patient needs.

　Method: We targeted nationwide function-enhanced home nursing agencies and 515 users. A survey was conducted on care implementation using a data input system developed in advance.

　Results: Most frequently availed home-visit nursing care services are “explanation and guidance on diseases and treatments (odds ratio [OR] = 4.535) towards the final stages of cancer,” “assistance and guidance for dressing users with intractable neurological diseases (OR = 2.276),” “mental support (OR = 3.062),” and “decision making support (OR = 3.701) for pediatric users.”

　Conclusion: The services frequently availed by users of home nursing care were identified. It is necessary to consider user characteristics to provide the care of home-visit nursing.