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Japanese Occupational Therapy Research Volume 29, Issue 4 （August 2010）

作業療法 29巻4号（2010年8月発行）

Japanese English

◆研究論文

認知機能と機能年齢の関連 The relationship between functional age and cognition 久野真矢 ¹ , 清水一 ² , 前川正雄 ³ , 中川淑子 ⁴ Shinya Hisano ¹ , Hajime Shimizu ² , Masao Maekawa ³ , Yoshiko Nakagawa ⁴ ¹リハビリテーションカレッジ島根作業療法学科 ²広島大学大学院保健学研究科 ³介護老人保健施設ゆめさき ⁴介護老人保健施設白木の郷 ¹Rehabilitation College Shimane ²Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hiroshima University ³Geriatric Service Facilities, Yumesaki ⁴Geriatric Service Facilities, Shirakinosato キーワード：認知機能 , ADL , IADL , 高齢者 , Cognition , Activities of daily living (ADL) , Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) , Elderly Keyword: 認知機能 , ADL , IADL , 高齢者 , Cognition , Activities of daily living (ADL) , Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) , Elderly pp.470-478

発行日 2010年8月15日 Published Date 2010/8/15

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要旨：本研究は，高齢者の認知機能とADL・IADL能力の関連を調べることを目的に，介護老人保健施設や通所リハビリテーションを利用する60歳以上の高齢者182名を対象とした．改訂長谷川式簡易知能評価スケール(HDS-R)と，こどもの発達に基づいて作成したADL・IADL評価から実行能力を発達段階に対応させて求めた機能年齢の関連を，Peason相関係数の検定と単回帰分析で解析した．HDS-Rと機能年齢の間に極めて強い相関を認め，予測精度が高い回帰式が示された．HDS-Rと機能年齢は相互に予測可能であり，認知機能の情報から現実的に達成可能なADL・IADL能力を設定することが，その逆も含め容易に可能であると示唆された．

　The relationship between cognitive decline and functional age level has been previously reported. However, these relationships could not be used as everyday clinical decision making tools. This study attempted to find the hidden relationships between the cognitive screening examination and estimated functional age levels by observing the activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The subjects included 182 people 60 years old and over who attended facilities for the aged, such as day care centers or nursing homes. The Revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS-R) was used to estimate the cognitive level. Cognitive levels were classified into four groups: normal, subnormal, moderate dementia and severe dementia. Functional age level was determined by observing the highest ADL/IADL level. ADL/IADL evaluation was based on the child development order. To analyze the relationships between cognitive level and functional age level, Peason's correlation coefficient test and simple regression analysis were used. A very high correlation was found between the HDS-R score and functional age (y = 0. 953, p＜0. 05). The relationships between two variables can be simply expressed as follows.

　Functional age (year) =1.731e^{0.058HDS-R score}, HDS-R (score) =-8 927+16.829 log_e Functional age (R²=0.982, p＜0.01). Cognitive decline and functional age decline (ADL/IADL function) were found to have a high correlation. HDS-R and ADL/IADL are both easy clinical standard assessments for function observation, and can be used to predict each other. Therefore, occupational therapy goal setting can be easily done to meet realistic functional levels through using cognitive information.