救命救急センターにおける作業療法に関する全国調査

A study through a national survey on occupational therapy in critical care centers

要旨：本研究は，救命救急センターにおける作業療法の実施状況および実施にかかわる問題点を調査することを目的とした．救命救急センターを有し，作業療法士が在籍する全国の260施設に対してアンケート調査を実施し，そのうち90施設（34.6％）から回答を得た．救命救急センターにおける作業療法実施施設は78施設（86.7％）であったが，介入状況は各施設で違いが認められた．非実施施設では人的要因が介入の障壁となっていた．また，実施・非実施施設とも救急・集中治療領域における作業療法の必要性の認識は高かった．今後は，救命救急センターへの介入体制の構築や本領域の医学的知識の教育体制の充実，作業療法の有用性の蓄積が課題である．

　The purpose of this study was to illustrate the reality and problems of occupational therapy in critical care centers in Japan. Questionnaires were submitted to 260 hospitals with critical care centers where occupational therapists worked. Ninety hospitals (34.6%) responded. Occupational therapy at critical care centers was conducted at 78 (86.7%) hospitals. However, the nature of the intervention was different in each hospital. In non-intervention hospitals, human factors were barriers. Recognition of the necessity of occupational therapy in critical care centers and intensive care unit areas was also high with the intervention and non- intervention hospitals. Future challenges include building an occupational therapy intervention system in the critical care centers, enhancing the education system of critical care medical knowledge and acknowledging the usefulness of occupational therapy in critical care centers.