網膜剥離手術の現状と進歩

Current status and recent developments in retinal detachment surgery

はじめに

　ちようど50年前には網膜剥離は眼科では謎の病気の一つと考えられ，その原因は不明で，治療も一般に不成功とされていた。しかしこの50年の間に病因も確立され，また治療および予防についても大きな進歩がなされた。ここでは網膜剥離の診断と治療に関する最近の発展について述べ，とくにアメリカにおける現状，さらに特別の問題点や新しい手術法についてふれてみたい。

There was little scientific knowledge of the pathogenesis and treatment of retinal detachment prior to the classic work of Gonin in 1929, just 50 years ago. His paper outlined tile basis of modern therapy. Since his monumental contribu-tion, great advances have been made in techniques of studying the retina; of particular importance have been the slit lamp with a contact lens and the binocular indirect ophthalmoscope. Scleral depression has been a further refinement. For treatment, photocoagulation, diathermy, and cryotherapy have all proven to be effective techniques for the clinician.