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要旨 Ⅰp・Ⅰsp型大腸腫瘍42病変を対象として,通常内視鏡と拡大内視鏡の深達度診断能を比較検討した.VⅠ型pitを輪郭明瞭なVⅠ型と輪郭不明瞭なVⅠ型に亜分類して検討したところ,拡大内視鏡による診断能は判定不能病変を除くと全体正診率:86.8%(33/38),sm2,3診断能〔感度:80.0%(8/10),特異度:89.3%(25/28),正診率:72.7%(8/11)〕と良好であったが,それでも通常内視鏡のほうがやや優れていた.さらに通常内視鏡診断を信頼度別に確診と疑診に分け,それぞれに拡大内視鏡診断を加味した場合,疑診病変は6病変から2病変へ減少し,確診病変におけるsm2,3診断能の正診率が77.8%(7/9)から84.6%(11/13)と向上した.以上より,通常内視鏡所見に加え拡大内視鏡による表面微細構造の観察を行えば,診断精度を向上させることができると考えられた.pit patternと病理組織との対比から,輪郭不明瞭なVⅠ型pitは,sm深部浸潤の影響により引き起こされる病変の被覆上皮の変性・脱落を染色性の低下により間接的に認識しているものと考えられた.
We evaluated the effectiveness of magnifying endoscopy by comparing its results with those of conventional endoscopy in diagnosing the invasion depth of pedunculated and semi-pedunculated colorectal cancers. The materials consisted of 42 colorectal tumors examined by both conventional and magnifying endoscopy. In this study, we created the subclassification of type VⅠ pit pattern, namely, type VⅠ with clear outline and that with unclear outline. The accuracy rate, sensitivity and specificity of conventional endoscopy in the diagnosis of the depth of invasion into the submucosa (sm2,3) was a little higher than that of magnifying endoscopy. Furthermore, we classified the conventional endoscopic diagnosis into 2 groups : a definite diagnosis and a probable diagnosis, and evaluated the accuracy rate, sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of each group in combination with magnifying endoscopic diagnosis. Using this combination, the 6 probable diagnostic lesions decreased to 2 and the accuracy rate in the diagnosis of sm2,3 invasion in the definite diagnostic lesions was improved from 77.8% (7/9) to 84.6% (11/13). In summary, magnifying observation improved the quality of diagnosis of invasion depth. In comparative and histological studies, it seems that unclear outline of VⅠ indicates the degeneration and disappearance of foveolar epithelium, revealed by the dye spray technique, that appears on the surface of invasive cancer.
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