なぜ児の不適応行動は減少したのか—ある聴覚障害児と母親の語りの分析および作業療法士記録，他の記録の分析から

Maladjusted behaviors of a hearing impaired child : An analysis of contributing factors

要旨：自分以外の家族全員が重度聴覚障害者という家庭に育ち，家庭内外で暴力・暴言等の不適応行動が絶えなかった中等度難聴児Yに作業療法を実施するうち，やがてYの不適応行動が減少するのを認めた．そこでその原因を明らかにするため，YとYの母親に半構造化インタビューを実施するとともに，インタビュー記録，教師記録，医師記録，作業療法士記録の詳細な分析を行った．これにより，家庭における適切なコミュニケーションモデルの欠如，両親の養育機能の不全，Yの満たされない自尊心が不適応行動の温床になっていたことが明らかになった．また，これらの欠落を補う第三者の出現がYの行動改善を導いたことが明らかになった．

　We present the case of a mildly hearing impaired child with behavioral disorders. The child's parents and siblings were also hearing impaired, though more so than the child in question. The child took part in occupational therapy twice a month, subsequently showing a decrease in maladjusted behaviors. Using records of a semi-structured interview with the child and his mother, an analysis was carried out to pinpoint the behavioral cause. Medical records, teachers' records, and occupational therapists' records were also checked in detail. The results show that a lack of appropriate communication at home, unsuitable and insufficient nurturing by parents and low self-esteem of the child have all contributed to his maladjusted behaviors. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the support given by a particular occupational therapist brought forth a decrease in his maladjusted behaviors.