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目的:意図的タッチによって被介入者および介入者の両者にもたらされる生理的・主観的反応を明らかにすることを目的とした。
対象および方法:女子学生40名と介入者1名を対象に「対照群」(20名,平均年齢20.3±13.4)とタッチ介入ありの「被介入群」(20名,平均年齢21.3±13.4),タッチ介入をする「介入者群」(年齢31)で比較した。介入は,タッチする手に意図的に意識集中しながら,頸部から背部にかけての軽擦法を行ない,評価指標として,心拍変動(HRV),唾液中コルチゾール値を介入前・介入中・介入後に,主観的なリラクセーション尺度(RE尺度)を実験前・実験後に測定した。
結果:HRVは,対照群では変化がみられず,被介入群・介入者群では,副交感神経活動が上昇し交感神経活動が下降し,介入者群は被介入群と同調する反応がみられたがいずれも有意差はなかった。唾液中コルチゾール値は対照群・被介入群とも介入前後に有意に減少し(p<.05~.000),被介入群のみ,介入前・介入中も有意差がみられた(p<.05)。RE尺度は,対照群・被介入群・介入者群とも,実験終了後に増大したが,実験前後での差はみられなかった。
Purpose : To examine physical and psychological responses by purposeful touch.
Methods : Forty healthy volunteer women were assigned to the following two groups : touch group, n=20 (mean age 21.3 years) ; control group, n=20 (mean age 20.3 years). The touch group received three-minute purposeful touch with a mild stroke on neck to back by the caregiver. The control group laid on bed for three-minute quietly. To examine psychological responses, subjects were asked to complete RE-scales before and after experiment. To examine physical responses, heart rate variability (HRV) and salivary cortisol (SC) were measured at three points ; pre-intervention, during-intervention, and post-intervention.
Results : In the touch group and caregiver, the high frequency (HF) component of HRV increased and the LF/HF (LF : the low frequency) ratio decreased. In contrast, the control group did not show significant changes of all parameters of HRV. Among both groups, SC was significantly decreased at post-intervention compared with pre-intervention and during-intervention (p<.05~.00). In the touch group, significant differences were found in changes of SC levels between pre-intervention and during-intervention (p<.05) despite the control group did not show significant changes. Subjects of all groups, RE-scales increased after experiment, although no significant differences were noted between before and after the experiment.
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