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要旨 大腸腫瘍の深達度を内視鏡的に診断することが可能かどうか検討した.大腸腫瘍を形態的に有茎性,広基性(6mm以上),表面型,結節集簇型,潰瘍型(20mm以下)の5型に分け,その各々について腺腫,m癌,sm癌の現時点からさかのぼって30個ずつを対象症例とした.結節集簇型にはsm癌はなく,20mm以下の潰瘍型癌18個中4個がsm-massive,他は進行癌であった.したがってこの2者については細かい検討をせず,前3者につき内視鏡的切除が完治とみなしうるsm-s(scanty)癌,sm-m(massive)癌の鑑別の可否を中心に検討した.有茎性ポリープでは頭部の形態(球形,陥凹,平坦~消失)が重要で,陥凹~消失はsm-m癌であった.広基性では大きなものほど深達度が深くなる傾向があった.腺腫,m癌,sm-s癌は10mm以下のものが,進行癌では21mm以上のものが大部分を占めるのに,sm-m癌はあらゆるサイズにわたって認められた.サイズで診断することはできなかった.広基性腫瘍では顆粒状で易出血性ないし癌性びらんの存在がsm-m以上の癌を診断するのに重要であった.sm-m癌に表面平滑なもの,癌性びらんを欠くものが多かったのが注目された.表面型でもサイズは診断上さほど重要ではなく,内視鏡的硬さ,癌性びらんの存在が,sm-m以上の癌を診断する際重要であった
The depth of invasion of various types of colorectal tumors was studied endoscopically. Tumors were classified into the following five types; the pedunculated, sessile, superficial, creeping, and ulcerated types. About 30 consecutive lesions of each type with different invasivity such as adenoma, m cancer, sm cancer and advanced cancer were selected for this study.
There was no sm cancer in the creeping type, and the ulcerated lesions were either sm-massive or advanced cancers. In the pedunculated type, the shape of head (round, depressed or scaled down), followed by the size of stalk, was the most important finding for the evaluation of invasivity. The pedunculated polyp with a depressed or scaled down head, particularly with a thick stalk suggested sm-massive cancer.
The size of head of the lesions did not correlate the depth of invasion regardless of the shape of tumors. In the cases with sessile polyps, granular and fragile surface, or cancerous erosion was reliable signs for diagnosis of sm-massive or advanced cancers. Endoscopic rigidity and/or cancerous erosion were important signs of sm-massive cancer.
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