認知的低下のある高齢者の日常生活を支援する誘導システムの研究―デモンストレーション・ビデオ使用による課題遂行状況─

A study of ADL navigation systems for older adults with cognitive decline: A video demonstration

要旨：本研究では，課題の遂行を促すデモンストレーション・ビデオの有効性と適応について，認知的支援機器を用い検討した．対象は，65歳以上の女性23名（認知低下群9名，コントロール群14名）とした．特性が異なる7課題の課題達成，機器の活用判断と操作に関して測定し，2群比較を行った．認知低下群はコントロール群に比べ，ビデオ視聴回数が多く所要時間が長かった．機器誤操作数は両群で有意差はみられなかったが，誤操作の内容は異なった．またFAB得点により，機器の誤操作数や自発的ビデオ視聴困難数，一部課題の達成度に質的な違いがみられた．高齢女性を対象とした本研究で，日常生活活動の作業遂行にビデオ活用の可能性が予測された．

　This study aims to determine the effectiveness and applicability of demonstration videos with an assistive device to improve performance in activities of daily living (ADL) among older adults with cognitive decline. Twenty-three females over 65 years of age (9 in the experimental group and 14 in the control group) were included in the study. Their performance on 7 qualitatively different tasks and the level of video utilization were compared. Compared to the control group, the experimental group watched the videos more frequently and for a longer duration. There was no significant difference in the number of operational errors between the two groups. However, they differed in the types of errors made. The experimental group showed clinically significant scores on FAB for operational errors, voluntary use of the videos and degree of task completion. The results of this study indicate that the use of demonstration videos could potentially improve ADL performance of older adults with cognitive decline.