地域・家庭型運動プログラムにおいてフィードバックが筋力向上に与える影響

Strengthening the efficacy of resistance exercise in community-dwelling older adults through data feedback

要旨：高齢者の自立生活支援の一環として地域・家庭型レジスタンス運動教室を指導し，フィードバック(以下，FB)が筋力向上に与える影響を調べた．対象をFB群(59名)とコントロール群(40名；以下，CR群)に分け，介入前後でArm Curl(以下，AC)とChair Stand(以下，CS)を測定した．FB群には，ACとCSの測定を2週ごとに追加し，FBを行った．ACはCR群の13.4％に対してFB群では23.6％改善し，CSではCR群の11.7％に対して，FB群で22.4％改善した．また，両項目で有意な交互作用が認められた．よって，FBは地域・家庭型運動において筋力を高めるために有用であることが示唆された．

　The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of periodic data feedback of functional performance on participants during a community- and home-based resistance exercise (CHBRE) program. 99 community-dwelling older adults (55-83 years of age) were divided into a resistance exercise group who received periodic data feedback during the exercise period (FB, n=59) and a resistance exercise group who received no data feedback during the exercise period (control group, CR; n = 40). Both groups participated in an 9-wk CHBRE program in which they performed exercises for at least twice a week at home. To ensure that the exercises were being performed correctly, participants were asked to participate in a weekly exercise session at a local community center provided by researchers. Effects of exercises were evaluated by arm curl (AC) and chair stand (CS). Assessments of AC and CS were performed before and after the intervention in all participants. In addition, participants in FB were assessed for AC and CS every fortnight during the intervention, and data feedback was made available immediately to these FB participants. The effects of intervention were determined by using repeated ANOVA measures. At the baseline, no significant differences were noted in age, height, weight, AC and CS between the groups. Time effect was significant for AC and CS. The Group x Time interaction was also significant for AC and CS. After 9-wk of CHBRE, improvements for both groups from the baseline were noted in AC (FB: pre 22.0±2.8 times, post 27.2±3.6 times 23.6% up; CR: 23.2±3.8 times, post 26.3 + 3.0 times 13.4% up) and CS (FB : pre 21.0 + 2.5 times, post 25.7±3.9 times 22.4% up; CR: 20.5 + 3.8 times, post 22.9+3.8 times 11.7% up). These results indicate that providing periodic data feedback to people who exercise further strengthens the efficacy of resistance exercises in community-dwelling older adults.