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Optical Erasure of the Synaptic Ensemble that Underlies Learning and Memory Masayasu Sato 1 , Narumi Miyamoto 1 , Kumi Chiba 1 , Kisho Obi 1 , Akiko Hayashi-Takagi 1,2 1Laboratory of Medical Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University 2Japan Science and Technology Agency・Presto Sakigake Keyword: シナプス , シナプス光遺伝学 , シナプス・アンサンブル , 光操作 , 2光子励起 , イメージング , synapse , synaptic optogenetics , synaptic ensemble , optical , manipulation , 2-photon imaging pp.713-721
Published Date 2018/7/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416201072
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Abstract

Dentritic spines are small membrane protrusions. Their regulation is thought to be important for memory storage, but the links between dentric spines and memory have been largely correlational because of a luck of techniques for manipulating individual spines. To overcome this problem, we have developed a novel synaptic optoprobe, AS-PaRac1, which is unique not only because it specifically labels recently potentiated spines, but also because it becomes possible to selectively shrink spines containing AS-PaRac1. This indicates that AS-PaRac1 can be use to specifically visualize the recently “written spines”and that the erasure of these spines is possible upon excitation with blue light. Using in vivo two-photon imaging, synaptic potentiation was visualized during active remodeling of the neocortex. Upon learning a motor skill, AS-PaRac1 expression was induced in a relatively small number of neurons, in which approximately 8% of spines were tagged by AS-PaRac1. The labeled spines were broadly distributed throughout the dendritic tree. Excitation with blue light induced shrinkage of learning related spines and disrupted the acquired motor learning. In contrast, the erasure of a similar number of learning-irrelevant spines did not affect task performance. This novel light-dependent tool will open up new areas of memory research, and will additionally shed light on the neural networks that determine who we are.


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電子版ISSN 1344-8129 印刷版ISSN 1881-6096 医学書院

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